Yes/no questions
A1do / does / did + subject + base verbClosed questions use the operator „do / does / did” (or „be”), not just a change of word order.
Examples
Do you like coffee?
PLLubisz kawę?Does she work here?
PLCzy ona tu pracuje?Did they call?
PLCzy oni dzwonili?
Wh- questions
A1wh- + operator + subject + verbDetail questions start with what / where / when / why / how, then the operator.
Examples
Where do you live?
PLGdzie mieszkasz?What does it mean?
PLCo to znaczy?Why did you leave?
PLDlaczego wyszedłeś?
Common mistakeWhere you are going?→Where are you going?
In a question the auxiliary comes before the subject (inversion): „Where are you…?”, not „Where you are…?”.
Negatives
A1don't / doesn't / didn't + base verbNegatives also need the operator: don't / doesn't / didn't + the base verb.
Examples
I don't know.
PLNie wiem.She doesn't like it.
PLNie podoba jej się to.We didn't go.
PLNie poszliśmy.
Question tags
B1…, don't you? · …, isn't it?A short tag at the end asking for confirmation. Positive sentence → negative tag, and vice versa.
Examples
You're coming, aren't you?
PLPrzyjdziesz, prawda?She doesn't smoke, does she?
PLOna nie pali, prawda?
Indirect questions
B1Could you tell me + wh- + subject + verbPoliter and with no inversion: after „Could you tell me…” the word order is like a statement.
Examples
Could you tell me where the station is?
PLCzy może pan powiedzieć, gdzie jest dworzec?„…where the station is”, not „where is the station”
Do you know if it's open?
PLCzy wiesz, czy jest otwarte?